The Economic Outlook Group"in the news"
| I 2022 | II 2022 | III 2022 | IV 2022 | I 2023 | II 2023 | III 2023 | IV 2023 | I 2024 | II 2024 | III 2024 | IV 2024 | I 2025 | II 2025 | III 2025 | IV 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP): | ||||||||||||||||
| % | -1.6 | -0.6 | 3.2 | 2.9 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 2.6 |
| Personal Consumption Expenditures: | ||||||||||||||||
| PCE % | 1.3 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.9 |
| Inflation, end of period, year-over-year: | ||||||||||||||||
| CPI % | 8.5 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Unemployment Rate (end of period): | ||||||||||||||||
| % | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 |
| Non-farm Payrolls, monthly avg. thousand: | ||||||||||||||||
| 539 | 349 | 372 | 247 | 189 | 180 | 215 | 225 | 180 | 275 | 340 | 260 | 210 | 265 | 310 | 270 | |
| Treasury 10-yr Note Yield % (end of period): | ||||||||||||||||
| 2.32 | 2.97 | 3.80 | 3.83 | 3.75 | 3.65 | 3.58 | 3.40 | 3.45 | 3.55 | 3.60 | 3.65 | 3.60 | 3.48 | 3.35 | 3.35 | |
| Federal funds rate % (end of period): | ||||||||||||||||
| 0.38 | 1.63 | 3.13 | 4.38 | 4.88 | 4.88 | 4.88 | 4.88 | 4.13 | 3.88 | 3.88 | 3.88 | 3.13 | 3.13 | 3.13 | 3.13 | |
| Country | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US | 2.6 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.3 | -2.8 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| Eurozone | 1.7 | 1.4 | -0.9 | -0.2 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.6 | -6.2 | 5.2 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 1.7 |
| United Kingdom | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | -9.3 | 7.4 | 3.3 | -0.5 | 1.9 |
| Japan | 4.6 | -0.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | -0.1 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.6 | -0.2 | -4.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
| Canada | 3.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 1.9 | -5.2 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 2.6 |
| India | 8.4 | 8.6 | 6.7 | 4.9 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 7.2 | 6.4 | 3.8 | -6.6 | 8.7 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 7.3 |
| China | 10.5 | 9.5 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 2.2 | 8.1 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 5.2 |
| Brazil | 7.5 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 0.1 | -3.5 | -3.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.7 | -4.2 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 2.7 |
| Mexico | 5.2 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.2 | -0.2 | -8.3 | 4.8 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 2.4 |
| Australia | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 1.8 | -1.1 | 4.7 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 2.8 |
| Russia | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 0.6 | -2.8 | -0.2 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 2.2 | -2.7 | 4.7 | -5.4 | -3.1 | 2.8 |
| World | 4.2 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.7 | --3.3 | 5.8 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 3.3 |
| End 2008 | End 2009 | End 2010 | End 2011 | End 2012 | End 2013 | End 2014 | End 2015 | End 2016 | End 2017 | End 2018 | End 2019 | End 2020 | End 2021 | End 2022 | End 2023 | End 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD/Yen | 91 | 93 | 81 | 77 | 87 | 105 | 119 | 120 | 117 | 113 | 110 | 109 | 104 | 115 | 131 | 122 | 118 |
| Euro/USD | 1.40 | 1.43 | 1.34 | 1.29 | 1.32 | 1.37 | 1.21 | 1.09 | 1.05 | 1.20 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.23 | 1.17 | 1.07 | 1.11 | 1.17 |
| End 2008 | End 2009 | End 2010 | End 2011 | End 2012 | End 2013 | End 2014 | End 2015 | End 2016 | End 2017 | End 2018 | End 2019 | End 2020 | End 2021 | End 2022 | End 2023 | End 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude oil per barrel | 46 | 78 | 95 | 107 | 111 | 111 | 58 | 38 | 49 | 67 | 54 | 67 | 52 | 78 | 85 | 81 | 76 |
| Gasoline | 1.61 | 2.57 | 3.00 | 3.27 | 3.30 | 3.32 | 2.26 | 2.00 | 2.31 | 2.47 | 2.26 | 2.58 | 2.30 | 3.38 | 3.20 | 2.95 | 2.80 |
| PROBABILITY | U.S. |
|---|---|
| HIGH | Chance of recession in 2023 reduced to 25%. Foresee no major contraction in U.S. consumer and biz spending. |
| Moderate | Federal Reserve unlikely to cut rates in 2023; Inflation's decline briefly stalls as China & Europe's economy strengthens. |
| HIGH | Forecast assumption: Russia ends war in Ukraine by summer of 2023. Oil and natural gas prices retreat 1H of year. |
| Moderate | Treasury 10-yr. yield hovers between 3.35% to 3.85% the next 12- 18 months given the risk of a mild recession. |
| HIGH | Supply chain flows should continue to improve in 2023 as China's economy slowly picks up speed in 2H. |
| HIGH | Labor shortage in U.S. to last thru 2023, despite economic slowdown. Yet wage inflation continues to decelerate. |
| FOREIGN | |
| HIGH | Russia's economy is cratering. GDP to contract 3.0% - 5.00% in 2022, and another 3% in 2023. |
| Moderate | Shipments of hi-tech military tanks and resources to aid in Ukraine's defense will hasten Vladimir Putin's demise. |
| Moderate | Beijing fortifies naval presence in South China Sea and Taiwan Straight to counter US political support of Taiwan. |
| HIGH | China's chaotic abandonment of zero-covid policies will delay economic recovery to 2H. |
| Moderate | OPEC seen raising output in 2H 2023 as global economic activity accelerates and increases demand for crude. |
| HIGH | Iran has enough fissile material for a nuclear bomb, and is now testing missile delivery systems. Israel unlikely to sit by. |
| Moderate | Recession odds in Eurozone drops to 45% (from 80%). Economy rebounds as war in Ukraine ends & energy prices ease. |